Prevention Strategies, Emerging Risks, and Success Stories

A report led by Chinese experts indicates that over 60 percent of global liver cancer cases are preventable through risk factor modification. By reducing the incidence rate by at least 2 percent annually, the rising trend of new cases and deaths could be reversed by 2050.

Achieving this goal would prevent at least 8.8 million new liver cancer cases and 7.7 million related deaths worldwide. The report, published in The Lancet, focuses on comprehensive strategies for liver cancer, from prevention to treatment. It is the first publication in the journal's history to focus on a major global health challenge, involving collaboration with over 50 experts from various countries.

The report highlights a significant shift in the causes of liver cancer globally. While traditionally linked to hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and chronic alcohol consumption, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) are emerging as important factors. Obesity and diabetes are accelerating the progression from MAFLD to MASH.

The report draws on successful practices from various regions, including China's Qidong city, Italy, and Egypt, to provide insights for countries with varying income levels. Qidong, once a high-incidence area, saw improvements through measures like hepatitis B vaccination, dietary changes, and screening.

These proactive measures in Qidong significantly improved the five-year survival rate for liver cancer patients. This success provides a reference model for high-risk areas worldwide.

The report's expert committee was co-chaired by prominent figures from China and Japan. Successful strategies in Italy, such as government-led screening programs and improved treatment access, were also highlighted. Egypt's efforts, including a national committee for screening and education and reduced medication prices, also contributed to positive outcomes.