Russia Implements Strict New Port Entry Rules for Foreign Vessels

New Maritime Security Measures Enacted

The Russian Federation has implemented stringent new regulations for foreign vessels seeking entry into its ports, mandating prior approval from the Federal Security Service (FSB) and compulsory underwater inspections. These measures, detailed in a government decree dated November 25, 2025, follow an earlier presidential order signed by President Vladimir Putin on July 21, 2025, which expanded FSB authority over port entries to all Russian seaports, not just those near naval bases.

The new rules are a response to a series of maritime incidents, including explosions targeting vessels linked to Russian trade, particularly in the Baltic Sea and at key ports such as Ust-Luga. While the Kremlin has not provided a formal rationale, the presidential decree references constitutional provisions related to military conditions.

Clearance and Inspection Protocols

Under the updated procedures, port captains must notify the FSB within one hour of receiving a request for a vessel's entry, providing information on the ship's last ten ports of call. The FSB then has 48 hours to either approve or deny entry. If an underwater inspection is deemed necessary, it must be conducted using divers and specialized technical equipment.

Key aspects of the new protocols include:

• FSB Approval: Mandatory for all foreign vessels entering Russian ports.
• Information Submission: Port captains must provide details of the vessel's last 10 ports of call to the FSB.
• Underwater Inspections: Required for explosives and suspicious items, with costs borne by the shipowner.
• Response Time: FSB decision within 48 hours of notification.

Anticipated Delays and Financial Burden

The new regulations are expected to introduce significant operational challenges for the shipping industry. P&I insurers, such as the American Club, have warned shipowners about the risk of prolonged delays and increased costs. The full clearance process, excluding the duration of any underwater inspection, could extend to as long as 53 hours.

The financial impact on shipowners is also considerable, as they are responsible for the cost of underwater inspections. These inspections can range from 300,000 rubles to as much as 1 million rubles in some ports. Industry insiders have expressed concerns about resource shortages, particularly a lack of divers in regions like the Far East, and the feasibility of conducting inspections during winter navigation.

Impact on Trade and Shipping

The new rules have already begun to affect trade, with reports indicating that grain exports from ports like Kavkaz have been hampered, leading to delays and rising freight rates. Shipowners and charterers are advised to factor these potential delays and costs into their voyage planning and scheduling.