Ecuador Rocked by Fuel Subsidy Protests Amidst Narco Gang Accusations

Nationwide Protests Erupt Over Diesel Subsidy Elimination

Ecuador is currently experiencing significant unrest as indigenous and peasant groups engage in widespread protests against the government's decision to eliminate long-standing diesel subsidies. The measure, announced by President Daniel Noboa, has led to a sharp increase in diesel prices, from $1.80 to $2.80 per gallon, and is projected to save the state $1.1 billion. The government states these funds will be redirected to social assistance and agricultural support programs.

The protests, which began around September 11-16, 2025, have seen demonstrators clash with police in various cities, including the capital, Quito. Incidents have included the blocking of major roadways, such as the Pan-American North highway, and reports of a police station being set on fire.

Government Declares State of Emergency and Curfew

In response to the escalating demonstrations, President Noboa declared a 60-day state of emergency across seven provinces on September 17, 2025, later extending it to an eighth province. This decree mobilizes armed forces and national police to prevent disruptions to public services and maintain freedom of movement. Additionally, a curfew has been imposed in five provinces, running from 10 PM to 5 AM, and the right to freedom of assembly has been suspended in affected areas.

President Noboa has issued stern warnings, stating that protesters who defy the state of emergency could be 'charged with terrorism and will serve 30 years in prison.' The government argues that the subsidy disproportionately benefited higher-income individuals and businesses, rather than vulnerable populations.

Accusations of Narco Gang Involvement

A significant development in the crisis is President Noboa's accusation that the Venezuelan drug gang Tren de Aragua is financing the indigenous fuel price protests. On September 23, 2025, Noboa claimed the protesters were 'financed and surrounded by criminals from the Tren de Aragua.' Ecuador's Minister of Government, Zaida Rovira, confirmed that 47 people had been arrested to date, including two foreigners for whom there were 'indications' of ties with the Tren de Aragua. Noboa's administration had previously declared Tren de Aragua a terrorist organization in January.

Indigenous Groups and Historical Context

The protests are primarily spearheaded by indigenous and peasant groups, with the powerful Confederation of Indigenous Nationalities of Ecuador (CONAIE) playing a central role. CONAIE has condemned the subsidy cut, stating it 'harms the impoverished' and will lead to increased costs for the basic food basket and public transportation. On September 22, 2025, CONAIE called for an indefinite national strike.

This is not the first time Ecuador has faced such unrest. Previous attempts by presidents Lenín Moreno (2017-2021) and Guillermo Lasso (2021-2023) to eliminate fuel subsidies were met with violent demonstrations, often led by CONAIE, which resulted in the governments backing down. The current government's move is also reportedly in line with demands from the International Monetary Fund.