China's Defense Budget Rises Amidst Modernization and Security Concerns

China has announced a 7.2-percent increase in its 2025 national defense budget. The planned defense expenditure for the year will be 1.784665 trillion yuan ($249 billion). This budget was released in a draft report at the opening of the third session of the 14th National People's Congress. This marks the tenth consecutive year of single-digit growth in China's defense budget, with the same growth rate set for 2024 and 2023.

Experts attribute the increase to China's economic development, the need for national defense modernization, and the challenging security environment. Military affairs experts highlight that the country's economic growth provides a foundation for the rising defense budget. They also emphasize that a strong national defense, aligned with economic growth, will protect the country's development achievements.

Over the past year, China's national defense modernization has seen significant advancements. These include the sea trial phase of the third aircraft carrier, the Fujian, and the launch of the electromagnetic catapult-equipped amphibious assault ship, the Sichuan. Additionally, the second type of stealth fighter jet, the J-35A, made its debut. Experts anticipate these developments will necessitate further investment in research and development to enhance national security.

The Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) conducts regular training exercises to maintain combat readiness, which requires funding. Additional budgeting is also needed to support troop welfare, recruitment, and training. The complex security environment China faces is another factor driving increased defense spending.

The security situation in the South China Sea and the Taiwan Straits is also a concern. The PLA needs to enhance combat readiness and exercises to deter potential emergencies in these areas. China aims to invest more in safeguarding national security while contributing to regional and global peace and stability.

China's defense spending as a percentage of GDP has remained below 1.5 percent for many years, which is lower than the global average. A strong national defense is seen as essential for safeguarding sovereignty, security, and development interests, as well as fulfilling international responsibilities and preserving world peace and stability.