China's Population Decline Continues, But Birth Rate Shows Slight Increase Amid Policy Efforts

China's Population Decline Continues, But Birth Rate Shows Slight Increase

China's total population decreased for the third consecutive year in 2024, according to the National Bureau of Statistics. However, the number of newborns saw a slight increase, indicating the potential impact of national efforts to encourage childbirth.

While the number of births rose to 9.54 million in 2024 from 9.02 million in 2023, the overall population still declined by 1.39 million due to 10.93 million deaths. This follows population decreases of 2.08 million in 2023 and 850,000 in 2022.

Experts attribute the increase in births to several factors, including a rise in new marriage registrations in 2023, the auspicious Year of the Dragon in 2024, and the implementation of various birth-friendly policies.

Since 2021, China has actively promoted a policy system to support fertility, resulting in a basic policy framework and positive outcomes. This includes allowing all couples to have a third child and revising the Law on Population and Family Planning.

Local governments have also implemented various incentives, such as extended maternity leave and fertility and childcare subsidies. Additionally, the emphasis on expanding nursery care services aims to address a significant concern for families.

Despite the increase in births, experts warn that the long-term trend points towards a decline in the annual number of births due to a shrinking population of women of childbearing age.

The aging population is another concern, with the number of people aged 60 or older reaching 310 million in 2024, representing 22% of the total population. This proportion has steadily increased from 18.1% in 2019 and 21.1% in 2023.

To address these challenges, experts emphasize the need for forceful implementation of existing measures, ensuring full access to benefits like extended maternity leave and free prenatal examinations. Additionally, continued investment in childcare services and education campaigns promoting the value of family are crucial.

Overall, while the slight increase in births offers a glimmer of hope, China faces significant challenges in addressing its declining population and aging society. Implementing comprehensive and effective policies will be essential to mitigate these issues and ensure a sustainable future.