The UK's Natural Gas Network Could Transform into a Hydrogen Power Source

An extensive network of underground pipes in Britain, measuring 177,000 miles, has been described by an expert as a valuable resource that could become a national asset. With renewable energy sources hitting record levels in 2024 and fossil fuel-generated power declining, the UK's electricity grid has seen an unprecedented level of cleanliness, paving the way for the country’s Net Zero goals.

Sarah Williams, a director at Wales & West Utilities, highlighted the potential to remodel the current gas grid for hydrogen transport instead of opting for full electrification and decommissioning existing gas infrastructure. She pointed out that a National Infrastructure Commission report revealed that repurposing the gas grid for hydrogen could save £28 billion compared to dismantling it. Williams championed the idea, stating that the current pipeline system is underappreciated and should instead be utilized as it currently exists.

In terms of energy production, 30% of the UK's electricity came from natural gas in 2023, emphasizing the need for a stable energy source like hydrogen. Although natural gas remains a significant contributor to heating and cooking—comprising almost 85% of the fuel used—its combustion emits CO2, contributing to climate change. Hydrogen, on the other hand, provides a clean alternative, with water as the only by-product when burned. The infrastructure already in place for gas can accommodate hydrogen transportation, making it a financially appealing option by eliminating the need for new energy distribution networks.

Despite concerns about hydrogen’s flammability and the current need for fossil fuels to isolate hydrogen, the National Grid has identified it as a viable solution for meeting climate goals. In 2024, Britain experienced its cleanest electricity generation yet, as fossil fuels accounted for only 29% of power production, a drop attributed to the total phase-out of coal and a decrease in gas generation. Renewables, including solar, wind, and biomass, made up a record 45% of the country's energy supply, driving the total share of clean energy sources to 58%.

The latest evaluations indicate that despite wind power generating more electricity than gas in 2024, including other gas facilities shows gas shipped 28% of the UK’s power compared to wind’s 26%. Looking forward, analysts predict that the increasing capacity of wind energy will likely surpass gas in 2025, which could further shift the energy landscape toward sustainability.