Wildfire Smoke Increases Dementia Risk, New Study Finds

In a study unveiled at the Alzheimer's Association International Conference, researchers have established a correlation between wildfire smoke and an increased likelihood of developing dementia. The investigation, carried out over a decade in California, encompassed health records of over 1.2 million Kaiser Permanente members aged 60 and older who had no prior dementia diagnosis.

The urgency of these findings is particularly relevant in light of the ongoing Park Fire, which is currently displacing residents across several Californian counties. According to Niki Rubarth, regional director for the Alzheimer's Association of Northern California, the concentration of toxic substances in wildfire smoke poses a significant threat, as wildfires eliminate everything in their vicinity.

The research highlights that wildfire smoke, along with emissions from vehicles and factories, contributes to the release of fine particulate matter, specifically PM2.5. Notably, exposure to PM2.5 from wildfire smoke poses a greater risk for dementia compared to other pollution sources. Holly Elser, M.D., Ph.D., part of the study, noted that while PM2.5 exposure correlates with dementia risk, the dangers associated with wildfire smoke are even more pronounced, accounting for over 70% of PM2.5 exposure on poor air quality days in California.

The study also draws attention to the fact that those most affected by this risk are not solely individuals who live near wildfire prone areas; lower-income populations face the greatest danger. Rubarth pointed out that individuals in socioeconomic disadvantage may lack control over their home's air filtration, potentially worsening their exposure to harmful particles in wildfire smoke. Outdoor laborers are also identified as having an increased risk.

To mitigate health impacts from wildfire smoke, it is crucial for residents to ensure they have effective air filtration systems, regularly replacing and maintaining filters. During periods of unhealthy air quality, wearing an N95 mask outdoors is also recommended to lower exposure risks.